Temporary reduction in air pollution due to anthropogenic activity switch-off during COVID-19 lockdown in northern parts of India.
Identifieur interne : 000D90 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000D89; suivant : 000D91Temporary reduction in air pollution due to anthropogenic activity switch-off during COVID-19 lockdown in northern parts of India.
Auteurs : Alok Sagar Gautam ; Nikhilesh Kumar Dilwaliya ; Ayushi Srivastava ; Sanjeev Kumar ; Kuldeep Bauddh [Inde] ; Devendraa Siingh [Inde] ; M A Shah ; Karan Singh ; Sneha GautamSource :
- Environment, development and sustainability [ 1573-2975 ] ; 2020.
Abstract
Due to fast and deadly spread of corona virus (COVID-19), the Government of India implemented lockdown in the entire country from 25 April 2020. So, we studied the differences in the air quality index (AQI) of Delhi (DTU, Okhla and Patparganj), Haryana (Jind, Palwal and Hisar) and Uttar Pradesh (Agra, Kanpur and Greater Noida) from 17 February 2020 to 4 May 2020. The AQI was calculated by combination of individual sub-indices of seven pollutants, namely PM2.5, PM10, NO2, NH3, SO2, CO and O3, collected from the Central Pollution Control Board website. The AQI has improved by up to 30-46.67% after lockdown. The AQI slope values - 1.87, - 1.70 and - 1.35 were reported for Delhi, - 1.11, - 1.31 and - 1.04 were observed for Haryana and - 1.48, - 1.79 and - 1.78 were found for Uttar Pradesh (UP), which may be attributed to limited access of transportation and industrial facilities due to lockdown. The ozone (O3) concentration was high at Delhi because of lesser greenery as compared to UP and Haryana, which provides higher atmospheric temperature favourable for O3 formation. The air mass back trajectory (AMBT) analysis reveals the contribution of air mass from Europe, Africa and Gulf countries as well as local emissions from Indo-Gangetic Plain, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra states of India.
DOI: 10.1007/s10668-020-00994-6
PubMed: 32989376
PubMed Central: PMC7512222
Affiliations:
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Gautam</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Physics, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar, Garhwal, Uttarakhand 246174 India.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Uttarakhand 246174 India</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dilwaliya, Nikhilesh Kumar" sort="Dilwaliya, Nikhilesh Kumar" uniqKey="Dilwaliya N" first="Nikhilesh Kumar" last="Dilwaliya">Nikhilesh Kumar Dilwaliya</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Srinagar, Hazarathbal, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006 India.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Jammu and Kashmir 190006 India</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Srivastava, Ayushi" sort="Srivastava, Ayushi" uniqKey="Srivastava A" first="Ayushi" last="Srivastava">Ayushi Srivastava</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh 250001 India.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Uttar Pradesh 250001 India</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kumar, Sanjeev" sort="Kumar, Sanjeev" uniqKey="Kumar S" first="Sanjeev" last="Kumar">Sanjeev Kumar</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Physics, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar, Garhwal, Uttarakhand 246174 India.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Uttarakhand 246174 India</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bauddh, Kuldeep" sort="Bauddh, Kuldeep" uniqKey="Bauddh K" first="Kuldeep" last="Bauddh">Kuldeep Bauddh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, 835205 India.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ranchi</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Siingh, Devendraa" sort="Siingh, Devendraa" uniqKey="Siingh D" first="Devendraa" last="Siingh">Devendraa Siingh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008 India.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Pune</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shah, M A" sort="Shah, M A" uniqKey="Shah M" first="M A" last="Shah">M A Shah</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Srinagar, Hazarathbal, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006 India.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Jammu and Kashmir 190006 India</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Singh, Karan" sort="Singh, Karan" uniqKey="Singh K" first="Karan" last="Singh">Karan Singh</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Physics, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar, Garhwal, Uttarakhand 246174 India.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Uttarakhand 246174 India</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gautam, Sneha" sort="Gautam, Sneha" uniqKey="Gautam S" first="Sneha" last="Gautam">Sneha Gautam</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Deemed University, Karunya Nagar, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641114 India.</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Tamil Nadu 641114 India</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Environment, development and sustainability</title><idno type="eISSN">1573-2975</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Due to fast and deadly spread of corona virus (COVID-19), the Government of India implemented lockdown in the entire country from 25 April 2020. So, we studied the differences in the air quality index (AQI) of Delhi (DTU, Okhla and Patparganj), Haryana (Jind, Palwal and Hisar) and Uttar Pradesh (Agra, Kanpur and Greater Noida) from 17 February 2020 to 4 May 2020. The AQI was calculated by combination of individual sub-indices of seven pollutants, namely PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub>, NH<sub>3</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, CO and O<sub>3</sub>, collected from the Central Pollution Control Board website. The AQI has improved by up to 30-46.67% after lockdown. The AQI slope values - 1.87, - 1.70 and - 1.35 were reported for Delhi, - 1.11, - 1.31 and - 1.04 were observed for Haryana and - 1.48, - 1.79 and - 1.78 were found for Uttar Pradesh (UP), which may be attributed to limited access of transportation and industrial facilities due to lockdown. The ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) concentration was high at Delhi because of lesser greenery as compared to UP and Haryana, which provides higher atmospheric temperature favourable for O<sub>3</sub> formation. The air mass back trajectory (AMBT) analysis reveals the contribution of air mass from Europe, Africa and Gulf countries as well as local emissions from Indo-Gangetic Plain, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra states of India.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="Publisher" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32989376</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>01</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1573-2975</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>Sep</Month><Day>24</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Environment, development and sustainability</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Environ Dev Sustain</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Temporary reduction in air pollution due to anthropogenic activity switch-off during COVID-19 lockdown in northern parts of India.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>1-24</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1007/s10668-020-00994-6</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Due to fast and deadly spread of corona virus (COVID-19), the Government of India implemented lockdown in the entire country from 25 April 2020. So, we studied the differences in the air quality index (AQI) of Delhi (DTU, Okhla and Patparganj), Haryana (Jind, Palwal and Hisar) and Uttar Pradesh (Agra, Kanpur and Greater Noida) from 17 February 2020 to 4 May 2020. The AQI was calculated by combination of individual sub-indices of seven pollutants, namely PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub>, NH<sub>3</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, CO and O<sub>3</sub>, collected from the Central Pollution Control Board website. The AQI has improved by up to 30-46.67% after lockdown. The AQI slope values - 1.87, - 1.70 and - 1.35 were reported for Delhi, - 1.11, - 1.31 and - 1.04 were observed for Haryana and - 1.48, - 1.79 and - 1.78 were found for Uttar Pradesh (UP), which may be attributed to limited access of transportation and industrial facilities due to lockdown. The ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) concentration was high at Delhi because of lesser greenery as compared to UP and Haryana, which provides higher atmospheric temperature favourable for O<sub>3</sub> formation. The air mass back trajectory (AMBT) analysis reveals the contribution of air mass from Europe, Africa and Gulf countries as well as local emissions from Indo-Gangetic Plain, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra states of India.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© Springer Nature B.V. 2020.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gautam</LastName><ForeName>Alok Sagar</ForeName><Initials>AS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Physics, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar, Garhwal, Uttarakhand 246174 India.</Affiliation><Identifier Source="GRID">grid.412161.1</Identifier><Identifier Source="ISNI">0000 0001 0681 6439</Identifier></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dilwaliya</LastName><ForeName>Nikhilesh Kumar</ForeName><Initials>NK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Srinagar, Hazarathbal, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006 India.</Affiliation><Identifier Source="GRID">grid.444723.2</Identifier><Identifier Source="ISNI">0000 0004 1756 1373</Identifier></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Srivastava</LastName><ForeName>Ayushi</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh 250001 India.</Affiliation><Identifier Source="GRID">grid.411141.0</Identifier><Identifier Source="ISNI">0000 0001 0662 0591</Identifier></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kumar</LastName><ForeName>Sanjeev</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Physics, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar, Garhwal, Uttarakhand 246174 India.</Affiliation><Identifier Source="GRID">grid.412161.1</Identifier><Identifier Source="ISNI">0000 0001 0681 6439</Identifier></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bauddh</LastName><ForeName>Kuldeep</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, 835205 India.</Affiliation><Identifier Source="GRID">grid.448765.c</Identifier><Identifier Source="ISNI">0000 0004 1764 7388</Identifier></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Siingh</LastName><ForeName>Devendraa</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008 India.</Affiliation><Identifier Source="GRID">grid.417983.0</Identifier><Identifier Source="ISNI">0000 0001 0743 4301</Identifier></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Shah</LastName><ForeName>M A</ForeName><Initials>MA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Srinagar, Hazarathbal, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006 India.</Affiliation><Identifier Source="GRID">grid.444723.2</Identifier><Identifier Source="ISNI">0000 0004 1756 1373</Identifier></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Singh</LastName><ForeName>Karan</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Physics, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar, Garhwal, Uttarakhand 246174 India.</Affiliation><Identifier Source="GRID">grid.412161.1</Identifier><Identifier Source="ISNI">0000 0001 0681 6439</Identifier></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gautam</LastName><ForeName>Sneha</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Deemed University, Karunya Nagar, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641114 India.</Affiliation><Identifier Source="GRID">grid.412056.4</Identifier><Identifier Source="ISNI">0000 0000 9896 4772</Identifier></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>24</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Netherlands</Country><MedlineTA>Environ Dev Sustain</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101769312</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1387-585X</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">AQI</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Air mass back trajectory</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">CPCB</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Lockdown</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Pollutants</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>Conflict of interestThe authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>01</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>16</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>36</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>30</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>30</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>aheadofprint</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32989376</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1007/s10668-020-00994-6</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">994</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC7512222</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><pmc-dir>pmcsd</pmc-dir>
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